Menene kayan aikin tushen iska?Wane kayan aiki akwai?

Menene kayan aikin tushen iska?Wane kayan aiki akwai?

Kayan aikin tushen iska shine na'urar samar da na'urar da aka matsa - iska compressor (air compressor).Akwai nau'ikan damfarar iska da yawa, na kowa sune nau'in piston, nau'in centrifugal, nau'in screw, nau'in vane mai zamiya, nau'in gungurawa da sauransu.
Fitar da iskar da aka danne daga na'urar damfara na iska tana ƙunshe da ƙazanta masu yawa kamar danshi, mai da ƙura.Dole ne a yi amfani da kayan aikin tsarkakewa don cire waɗannan gurɓatattun abubuwa yadda ya kamata don gujewa haifar da lahani ga aikin yau da kullun na tsarin pneumatic.

Kayan aikin tsabtace tushen iska shine jumla ta gaba ɗaya don kayan aiki da na'urori da yawa.Ana kuma kiran kayan aikin tsabtace tushen iska a matsayin kayan aiki bayan sarrafawa a cikin masana'antar, yawanci ana nufin tankunan ajiyar iskar gas, bushewa, tacewa, da sauransu.
● tankin iska
Ayyukan tankin ajiyar gas shine kawar da bugun jini, dogara ga fadada adiabatic da sanyaya yanayi don rage yawan zafin jiki, ƙara raba danshi da mai a cikin iska mai matsewa, da adana adadin iskar gas.A gefe guda kuma, yana iya rage sabani da ake yi cewa yawan iskar da ake amfani da shi ya fi yawan fitar da iskar da ake fitarwa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.A gefe guda, yana iya kula da isar da iska na ɗan gajeren lokaci lokacin da injin damfara ya kasa ko kuma an yanke wutar lantarki, don tabbatar da amincin kayan aikin pneumatic.

●Na'urar bushewa

Na'urar busar da iskar da aka matse, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, wani nau'in kayan cire ruwa ne don matsewar iska.Akwai bushewar daskare guda biyu da aka saba amfani da su da na'urar bushewa, da bushewar bushewa da busar da murfin polymer.Na'urar bushewa shine mafi yawan amfani da na'urar bushewar iska, kuma yawanci ana amfani dashi a lokuta tare da buƙatun ingancin tushen iska.Na'urar bushewa da aka sanyaya tana amfani da sifa ta cewa ɓangaren matsa lamba na tururin ruwa a cikin iskar da aka matsa ana ƙaddara ta yanayin zafin iskar da aka matsa don yin sanyaya, bushewa da bushewa.Na'urar bushewa da aka danne da iska ana kiranta da "masu bushewa" a cikin masana'antar.Babban aikinsa shi ne don rage yawan ruwa a cikin iska mai matsewa, wato, don rage "zazzabin raɓa" na iska mai matsewa.A cikin tsarin tsarin masana'antu na masana'antu na yau da kullum, yana daya daga cikin kayan aiki masu mahimmanci don bushewar iska da tsaftacewa (wanda aka sani da post-processing).

1 asali ka'ida

Matsakaicin iska zai iya cimma manufar cire tururin ruwa ta hanyar matsa lamba, sanyaya, adsorption da sauran hanyoyin.Na'urar bushewa shine hanyar sanyaya.Mun san cewa iskar da iskar compressor ta matsa tana dauke da iskar gas iri-iri da tururin ruwa, don haka iskar danshi ne.Abubuwan da ke cikin damshin iska gabaɗaya ya saba da matsi, wato, mafi girman matsi, ƙarancin ɗanshi.Bayan an ƙara matsa lamba, tururin ruwa a cikin iska fiye da abubuwan da ke da yuwuwa zai taso cikin ruwa (wato, ƙarar iska mai matsa lamba ya zama ƙarami kuma ba zai iya riƙe ainihin tururin ruwa ba).

Wannan yana nufin cewa dangane da iskar da aka shaka tun asali, abin da ke cikin danshin ya zama karami (a nan yana nufin komawar wannan bangare na iskar da aka matsa zuwa yanayin da ba a matsawa ba).

Duk da haka, shaye-shaye na kwampreshin iska har yanzu yana matsawa iska, kuma abin da ke cikin ruwa ya kasance a iyakar ƙimar da za ta yiwu, wato, yana cikin yanayi mai mahimmanci na gas da ruwa.Iskar da aka danne a wannan lokaci ana kiranta da cikakken yanayi, don haka muddin aka dan matsa masa, to nan take tururin ruwa zai canza daga yanayin iskar gas zuwa yanayin ruwa, wato ruwa zai takure.

A zatonsa iskar soso ce mai jika wacce ta sha ruwa, abin da ke cikinsa shi ne ruwan da aka sha.Idan aka matse wasu ruwa daga cikin soso da karfi, to ana rage danshi na soso.Idan ka bar soso ya dawo, a zahiri zai fi bushewa fiye da soso na asali.Wannan kuma yana cimma manufar cire ruwa da bushewa ta hanyar matsawa.
Idan kuma ba a samu wani karfi ba bayan an kai ga wani karfi a lokacin da ake matse soso, ruwan zai daina fitar da shi, wanda shine cikakken yanayin.Ci gaba da ƙara ƙarfin matsi, kuma har yanzu akwai ruwa yana gudana.

Sabili da haka, jikin injin daskarewa da kansa yana da aikin cire ruwa, kuma hanyar da ake amfani da ita ita ce matsa lamba, amma wannan ba shine manufar injin iska ba, amma nauyin "m".

Me yasa ba a amfani da "matsi" azaman hanyar cire ruwa daga matsewar iska?Wannan shi ne yafi saboda tattalin arziki, ƙara matsa lamba ta 1 kg.Cin kusan kashi 7% na amfani da makamashi bai dace da tattalin arziki ba.

Dewatering na "sanyi" yana da ƙarancin tattalin arziki, kuma na'urar bushewa yana amfani da ka'ida ɗaya kamar yadda aka lalata na'urar kwandishan don cimma burin.Saboda yawan yawan tururin ruwa yana da iyaka, a cikin matsa lamba aerodynamic (2MPa range), ana iya la'akari da cewa yawan tururin ruwa a cikin cikakkiyar iska ya dogara ne kawai akan zafin jiki kuma ba shi da alaƙa da matsa lamba.

Mafi girman zafin jiki, mafi girman yawan tururin ruwa a cikin madaidaicin iska, kuma yawan ruwa zai kasance.Akasin haka, ƙananan zafin jiki, ƙarancin ruwa (wannan za a iya fahimtar shi daga ma'ana a rayuwa, hunturu yana bushe da sanyi, rani yana da zafi da zafi).

Sanya iska da aka matsa zuwa zafin jiki kamar yadda zai yiwu don rage yawan tururin ruwa da ke cikinsa kuma ya samar da "condensation", tattara ƙananan ɗigon ruwa da aka kafa ta hanyar daɗaɗɗa da fitar da su, don cimma manufar cire danshi. a cikin iska mai matsewa .

Saboda ya haɗa da aiwatar da ƙaddamarwa da ƙaddamarwa a cikin ruwa, zafin jiki ba zai iya zama ƙasa da "daskarewa ba", in ba haka ba abin da ke faruwa na daskarewa ba zai iya zubar da ruwa yadda ya kamata ba.Yawanci yawan zafin jiki na "matsayin raɓa" na bushewar bushewa shine yawanci 2 ~ 10 ° C.

Misali, "matsayin raɓa" a 10 ° C na 0.7MPa an canza shi zuwa "matsayin raɓa na yanayi" zuwa -16 ° C.Ana iya fahimtar cewa lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin yanayin da ba kasa da -16 ° C ba, ba za a sami ruwa mai ruwa ba lokacin da matsin iska ya ƙare zuwa yanayin.

Duk hanyoyin kawar da ruwa na iska mai matsewa sun bushe kawai, suna saduwa da wani nau'i na bushewa.Ba shi yiwuwa a cire cikakken danshi, kuma yana da matukar rashin tattalin arziki don biyan bushewa fiye da bukatun amfani.
2 tsarin aiki

Na'urar bushewa da aka matse ta iska tana sanyaya matsewar iska don murƙushe tururin ruwa da ke cikin iskar da aka matsa zuwa ɗigon ruwa, ta yadda za a cimma manufar rage ɗanɗanon iskar da aka matsa.
Ana fitar da ɗigon magudanar ruwa daga injin ta hanyar tsarin magudanar ruwa ta atomatik.Matukar yanayin zafi na bututun da ke ƙasa a mashigin na'urar bushewa bai yi ƙasa da zafin raɓa a wurin magudanar ruwa ba, na biyu ba zai faru ba.

3 tsarin aiki

Tsarin iska mai matsewa:
Iskar da aka danne tana shiga cikin na'urar musayar zafi (preheater) [1], wanda da farko yana rage zafin iska mai zafi, sannan ya shiga Freon/iska mai musayar zafi (evaporator) [2], inda aka sanyaya iskar da aka matsa. da sauri sosai, rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa zafin raɓa, kuma ruwan ruwa da aka matse da iska suna rabu a cikin mai raba ruwa [3], kuma ruwan keɓe yana fitar da na'urar ta na'urar magudanar ruwa ta atomatik.

Matsakaicin iskar da firiji mai ƙarancin zafin jiki yana musanyar zafi a cikin mashin [2].A wannan lokacin, yawan zafin jiki na iska yana da ƙasa sosai, kusan daidai da zafin raɓa na 2 ~ 10 ° C.Idan babu buƙatu na musamman (wato, babu ƙarancin yanayin da ake buƙata don matsewar iska), yawanci iskar da aka matsa za ta koma iskar zafi (preheater) [1] don musanya zafi da matsewar iska mai zafi da ta shiga yanzu. mai bushewar sanyi.Manufar yin haka:

① Yadda ya kamata a yi amfani da "sharar-shara" na busassun iska mai matsawa don sanyaya iska mai zafi mai zafi wanda ya shiga cikin na'urar bushewa mai sanyi, don rage nauyin firiji na na'urar bushewa;

② Hana matsalolin na biyu kamar narkar da ruwa, ɗigowa, da tsatsa a waje na bututun baya-bayan da busasshen iska mai matsananciyar zafi ya haifar.

Tsarin firiji:

Freon na firji yana shiga cikin kwampreso [4], kuma bayan matsawa, matsa lamba yana ƙaruwa (kuma zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa), kuma idan ya ɗan girma sama da matsin da ke cikin na'urar, tururin refrigerant mai ƙarfi yana fitowa a cikin na'urar. ].A cikin na'ura mai sanyaya, tururi mai sanyi a mafi girman zafin jiki kuma matsa lamba yana musanya zafi da iska a ƙananan zafin jiki (sanyiwar iska) ko ruwan sanyaya (mai sanyaya ruwa), ta haka yana sanya Freon ɗin refrigerant cikin yanayin ruwa.

A wannan lokacin, na'urar sanyaya ruwa ta shiga cikin Freon / iska mai musayar zafi (evaporator) [2] ta cikin bututun capillary / fadada bawul [8] don rage damuwa (sanyi) kuma ya sha zafin iskar da aka matsa a cikin evaporator don zama tururi. .Abun da za a sanyaya - an sanyaya iska mai matsewa, kuma tururin refrigerant ɗin da aka shayar da shi ta hanyar compressor don fara zagayowar gaba.

Refrigerant yana kammala zagayowar ta hanyar matakai guda huɗu na matsawa, daɗaɗɗen ruwa, faɗaɗa (maƙarƙashiya), da ƙafewa a cikin tsarin.Ta hanyar ci gaba da zagayowar firji, ana cimma manufar daskarewa matsa lamba.
4 Ayyuka na kowane bangare
iska mai zafi
Domin hana daskarewar ruwa daga bangon waje na bututun na waje, busasshiyar iskar da ta bushe tana barin mai fitar da iska ta sake yin musanya da zafi tare da matsananciyar zafi, zafi da danshi a cikin iskar da ke musanya zafi.A lokaci guda kuma, yanayin zafin iskar da ke shiga cikin injin yana raguwa sosai.

musayar zafi
Na’urar sanyaya na’urar na shakar zafi da fadadawa a cikin injin da ake fitarwa, yana canzawa daga yanayin ruwa zuwa yanayin iskar gas, sannan kuma iskar da aka matse ta sanyaya ta hanyar musayar zafi, ta yadda tururin ruwan da ke cikin matsewar iskar ya canza daga yanayin iskar gas zuwa yanayin ruwa.

mai raba ruwa
Ruwan da aka haɗe yana rabu da iska mai matsa lamba a cikin mai raba ruwa.Mafi girman ingancin rabuwar mai raba ruwa, ƙaramin rabon ruwan ruwa ya sake canzawa zuwa cikin iska mai matsa lamba, kuma yana rage matsi na raɓar iska mai matsewa.

compressor
Na'urar sanyaya iskar gas ta shiga cikin injin daskarewa kuma ana matsawa ta zama babban zafin jiki mai zafi mai zafi.

kewaye bawul
Idan zafin ruwan ruwan da aka haɗe ya faɗi ƙasa da wurin daskarewa, ƙanƙarar ƙanƙara za ta haifar da toshewar ƙanƙara.Bawul ɗin kewayawa na iya sarrafa zafin firiji da sarrafa matsi da raɓa a madaidaicin zafin jiki (tsakanin 1 da 6°C)

kwandishan

Na'urar tana rage zafin na'urar firiji, kuma na'urar tana canzawa daga yanayin zafi mai zafi zuwa yanayin ruwa mara zafi.

tace
Tace da kyau tana tace dattin datti.

Capillary/Expansion Valve
Bayan refrigerant ya wuce ta cikin capillary tube / fadada bawul, ƙarar sa yana faɗaɗa, yawan zafin jiki ya ragu, kuma ya zama ƙananan zafi, ƙananan ruwa.

Mai raba ruwa-ruwa
Tunda refrigerant na ruwa da ke shiga cikin kwampreso zai haifar da girgiza ruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da lahani ga kwampreshin refrigeration, mai raba ruwan gas mai sanyi yana tabbatar da cewa injin daskarewa kawai zai iya shigar da injin na'urar.

magudanar ruwa ta atomatik
Magudanar ruwa ta atomatik tana fitar da ruwan ruwa da aka tara a kasan mai raba daga cikin injin a lokaci-lokaci.

na'urar bushewa

Na'urar bushewa mai sanyi yana da fa'idodin ƙaƙƙarfan tsari, ingantaccen amfani da kulawa, da ƙarancin kulawa.Ya dace da lokatai inda zafin raɓa na matsa lamba na iska bai yi ƙasa da ƙasa ba (sama da 0 ° C).
Na'urar bushewa tana amfani da na'urar bushewa don cire humidist da bushe iskan da aka matse wanda aka tilasta masa ta shiga.Ana amfani da na'urar bushewa mai sabuntawa ta yau da kullun.
● tace
Ana rarraba matattarar zuwa manyan matatun bututun mai, masu raba ruwan gas, masu tace carbon deodorization da aka kunna, matattarar tururi, da dai sauransu, kuma aikinsu shine cire mai, kura, danshi da sauran datti a cikin iska don samun iska mai tsafta.Iska.